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Rubén Ángel Berríos Martínez (born June 21, 1939) is a Puerto Rican politician, attorney, and writer, and the current president of the Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP). A former three-time Senator, Berríos is a recurring PIP candidate for Governor of Puerto Rico for three decades, although not consecutively for each elective term. He led the Navy-Culebra protests, is a leader for the Cause of Vieques and was arrested and imprisoned for civil disobedience. == Biography == Berríos was born in Aibonito, Puerto Rico. He attended high school at Colegio San Ignacio de Loyola (class of 1957). He received his bachelor's degree in business administration and economy from Georgetown University in 1961, his juris doctor and master's degree in law from Yale University (Yale Law School), and his doctoral degree in international rights from Oxford University. He also did some post-doctoral research in Sweden. His first wife was Swedish and his son Rubén was born in Stockholm). He has been a tenured professor of law at the University of Puerto Rico School of Law since 1967. Berríos became president of the Independence Party PIP when he was thirty-one years old and has been president of it five times. Under his leadership, the PIP adopted a democratic socialist program. Although he has had limited success at the voting booth regarding his candidacy for the post of Governor of Puerto Rico in 1976, 1980, 1988, 2000 and 2004 — losing every time to either the Popular Democratic Party (PPD) or the New Progressive Party (PNP) candidate — he, nevertheless, has enjoyed great electoral success regarding his candidacy to the Senate, receiving more votes than any other candidate in the Puerto Rican senatorial elections of 1972, 1984, 1992 and 1996. In 1972, the thirty-three-year-old Berríos was elected to his first term as senator. He was also re-elected to senatorial seats at the Puerto Rican Legislative Assembly on three additional occasions: 1984, 1992, and 1996. Berríos founded the Permanent Conference of Political Parties of Latin America and the Caribbean (COPPPAL),〔(Conferencia Permanente para los Partidos Políticos de América Latina y el Caribe )〕 is a member of the Executive Council of the Latin American Human Rights Association (ALDHU),〔(Asociación Lationoamericana de Derechos Humanos )〕 and Honorary President of the Socialist International (SI).〔(Socialist International )〕 He has published the books ''The Independence of Puerto Rico: Cause and Struggle'', ''Puerto Rico: Nationality and Plebiscite'', and ''Towards Puerto Rican Socialism'', and has collaborated with various publications enjoying wide international prestige such as Foreign Affairs. Berríos is widely admired by many in Puerto Rico, including those who do not follow his political ideology. In 1984, for example, he received 84% of the general vote in his candidacy for Senator. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rubén Berríos」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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